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17 Types of Portrait Photography Sessions Explained

Portrait photography isn’t one-size-fits-all. There are numerous session types – from classic studio sittings to candid outdoor shoots – each with its own style and purpose. In this comprehensive guide, we break down 17 distinct types of portrait photography sessions featuring individuals, couples, and families in both indoor and outdoor settings. For each type, we’ll define what it is, how it differs from others, and highlight a famous photographer known for excelling in that style. Let’s dive in!

1. Traditional Studio Portraits

Definition & Features: Traditional studio portraits are the classic posed photographs of a person looking at the camera, typically shot indoors against a plain backdrop with controlled lighting[1]. These sessions focus on flattering the subject’s face and expression through careful lighting and posing. Often only head-and-shoulders are shown (think of a school or yearbook photo) and the result is formal and polished[2]. Such portraits endure because the mix of deliberate posing and studio lighting produces consistently flattering images[2].

How It Differs: Unlike candid or lifestyle shoots, traditional studio sessions are highly controlled – the photographer directs every aspect, from the subject’s posture to the lighting setup. There’s minimal environment or background distraction, which sets this apart from environmental portraits. The emphasis is on the person’s face and a timeless look, rather than storytelling or context.

Notable Photographer: Yousuf Karsh is a legendary figure known for traditional portraiture. An Armenian-Canadian photographer, Karsh built his reputation on iconic posed portraits of famous figures like Winston Churchill, Audrey Hepburn, and Albert Einstein[3]. His patience and skill in lighting allowed him to capture the true character of his subjects in formal studio settings[3]. Karsh’s work exemplifies how a traditional portrait can be both elegant and revealing, standing the test of time as artful representation of a person.

2. Environmental Portraits

Definition & Features: Environmental portrait sessions place the subject in a setting that is meaningful to them, blending person and place to tell a story[4][5]. Unlike a plain studio backdrop, here the background is a co-narrator of the image – for example, a chef photographed in their kitchen or an artist in their studio. The goal is to show the subject in their element, giving context about who they are or what they do[4]. Lighting and pose may still be deliberate, but the environment itself becomes part of the portrait’s narrative[4].

For instance, environmental portraits often show the subject in a meaningful place – say, an avid gardener in his greenhouse surrounded by flowers. This approach combines controlled portraiture with location photography, creating images that feel personal and authentic.

How It Differs: Environmental portraits differ from traditional portraits by stepping outside the studio. They are less formal and more storytelling-driven – the location and props in the scene help convey the subject’s identity or passions[6][7]. They also differ from candid shots because the subject usually still poses or is aware of the camera, but the pose is integrated with their surroundings. It’s a hybrid of a posed portrait and a documentary image, carefully arranged within a real-world context[6].

Notable Photographer: Arnold Newman is widely renowned as the “father of the environmental portrait” for pioneering this style[8]. An American photographer, Newman famously photographed artists and public figures in settings that reflected their life’s work – such as painter Pablo Picasso in his studio and composer Igor Stravinsky at a grand piano[9]. By incorporating elements of the subject’s environment, Newman’s portraits provide insight into the subject’s character and craft, illustrating how environment can enrich a portrait.

3. Lifestyle Portraits

Definition & Features: Lifestyle portrait sessions aim to capture people in natural, everyday scenarios with genuine emotion and interaction. The vibe is relaxed and candid, even if the photographer gives light direction. For example, a lifestyle shoot might depict a family baking cookies at home, or a couple laughing together on a cozy Sunday morning[10][11]. The photos freeze real-life moments – a child’s grin mid-laugh, a couple lounging in a park – to reflect the subject’s life and relationships in an authentic way. There is often an emphasis on natural light and comfortable settings to put subjects at ease.

Lifestyle portraits often feel like a peek into the subject’s world – for example, a couple casually relaxing on the grass in a park. The emphasis is on genuine connection and everyday authenticity rather than stiff posing or elaborate setups.

How It Differs: Lifestyle photography differs from traditional portraits in that it’s only lightly posed; the goal is to document real moments rather than achieve perfect posture or lighting. Unlike formal portraits, lifestyle sessions welcome movement, messiness, and spontaneity – if a toddler starts dancing or a dog runs through the frame, that’s part of the fun. In contrast to purely candid photojournalism, the photographer still plays a role in orchestrating situations (prompting an activity or interaction) but then steps back to let real emotions happen[12][13]. The result lies between candid and posed: authentic moments, guided just enough to happen in good light or composition.

Notable Photographer: A celebrated name in lifestyle photography is Noel Hendrickson. He’s a renowned lifestyle photographer known for capturing authentic, emotionally engaging moments that feel genuine and dynamic[14]. Hendrickson’s images for commercial campaigns and editorials are often cited for their warmth and naturalism, balancing craft with the believable spontaneity of real life[14]. His work exemplifies how lifestyle portraits can resonate by showing people as they truly are in everyday moments.

4. Candid Portraits (Documentary-Style)

Definition & Features: Candid portrait sessions are all about capturing subjects without posed direction – pure, unplanned moments that reveal people in a natural state. In these sessions, the photographer often acts like a fly on the wall, whether at an event, on the street, or during everyday life, photographing people who may not even realize they’re being photographed. The goal is authenticity: expressions, emotions, and interactions that are 100% real and not staged[15]. Candid portraits can happen anywhere – from a street market to a family gathering – and often carry a storytelling quality since they freeze genuine moments in time. Lighting and settings aren’t controlled as in a studio; the photographer must adapt quickly to the available light and background.

How It Differs: Candid portraiture differs from all other types here in that there is no posing at all. In a traditional or even lifestyle session, the subject knows a camera is present and some planning is involved. In candid shots, by contrast, the best images often occur when the subject is completely absorbed in what they’re doing and not acknowledging the camera[16]. This results in portraits that feel truthful and intimate – a burst of laughter, a fleeting glance, a spontaneous hug – things that might vanish if the subject stopped to pose. Candid portraits share DNA with photojournalism; the photographer often has to anticipate moments and be ready at the decisive instant. They also overlap with street portraits (below), though candids can occur anywhere, not just public streets.

Notable Photographer: Henri Cartier-Bresson is a legendary figure often associated with candid photography. A pioneer of 20th-century street photography, Cartier-Bresson championed the concept of the “decisive moment” – capturing a split-second in which the scene’s elements fall into perfect harmony[17]. His candid images, like a man leaping over a puddle or children playing, were never posed; they illustrate how powerful an unguarded moment can be. Cartier-Bresson’s influence is so great that many trace the very start of candid and street portraiture back to his work[17]. His photographs prove that letting life unfold naturally can result in portraits with striking emotional and artistic impact.

5. Editorial Portraits

Definition & Features: Editorial portraits are images taken to accompany stories in magazines, newspapers, or online articles. These sessions are often concept-driven or narrative in nature – the portrait is meant to illustrate a theme or person’s story in the context of an article. Editorial portraits can be quite stylized or cinematic, using dramatic lighting, carefully chosen locations, and thoughtful posing to convey a specific mood or message[18][19]. For example, an editorial portrait for a feature on a chef might show them in a dramatic pose with kitchen tools, or a portrait of a CEO might place them in an unexpected setting that symbolizes their company’s mission[20]. There is a lot of creativity and planning in these sessions: wardrobe, props, and post-production may all be tailored to fit the story being told[18].

How It Differs: Editorial portraits differ from standard personal portraits in that they’re usually created for publication and tied to a broader narrative. They often allow for more artistic freedom and conceptual styling than a typical headshot or family portrait. Unlike straightforward portraits which primarily flatter the subject, an editorial portrait’s priority is to say something – to reveal personality or context that aligns with an article’s content[19][21]. This sets them apart from pure fashion portraits as well, which focus on clothing; editorial images might combine elements of fashion, conceptual, and environmental styles to support a story. The photographer often works closely with art directors or writers, blending portraiture with storytelling.

Notable Photographer: Annie Leibovitz is arguably the most famous editorial portrait photographer in the world, known for her striking images in magazines like Rolling Stone, Vanity Fair, and Vogue. An American portrait photographer, Leibovitz is best known for her intimate, bold portraits of celebrities[22] – often placing them in imaginative scenarios. From Whoopi Goldberg bathing in milk to the iconic image of John Lennon curled nude around Yoko Ono[22], Leibovitz’s editorial work defines the genre. She was the first American photographer to shoot an official portrait of the British monarch (Queen Elizabeth II) and her family[23], and her celebrity portraits are among the most famous of our time[22]. Leibovitz’s ability to craft a narrative and reveal vulnerability in her subjects is a benchmark for editorial portraiture.

6. Glamour & Beauty Portraits

Definition & Features: Glamour portraits – also known as beauty or glamour shots – are all about capturing a person at their most glamorous, polished, and often sensual best. These sessions typically involve professional makeup, hairstyling, and flattering lighting setups (like soft diffused lights or a classic butterfly lighting) to highlight the subject’s beauty[24][25]. Wardrobe is often elegant or sexy, and post-processing might include retouching to create smooth skin and a flawless look. Glamour portraits may be taken in studio or on location, but the background is usually simple or blurred – the focus is squarely on the subject’s allure. Unlike fashion photography which showcases clothing, glamour photography showcases the person, often exuding confidence and sex appeal[26][27]. It’s common in contexts like model portfolios, magazines (Maxim-style shoots, for example), or modern makeovers where everyday individuals get a star-treatment photoshoot.

How It Differs: Glamour photography differs from standard portraiture in its emphasis on seductive or aesthetically idealized representation. While a traditional portrait might prioritize an honest likeness, a glamour shoot prioritizes making the subject look attractive in a stylized way – often younger, sultrier, or more fashion-model-like than in everyday life[28]. There is a fine line between glamour and boudoir (the next category), but generally glamour portraits may show the subject fully dressed yet in a striking pose or makeup, whereas boudoir is more intimate attire. Glamour also differs from fine art portraits because it’s less about conceptual meaning and more about visual impact and beauty. The subject is usually actively engaging the camera with a confident expression, unlike candid or lifestyle shots.

Notable Photographer: George Hurrell was a pioneering photographer who practically invented the classic Hollywood glamour portrait. In the 1930s and ’40s, Hurrell’s dramatic black-and-white portraits of movie stars like Joan Crawford and Marlene Dietrich set the standard for glamour imagery[29]. He was best known for defining the visual style of Hollywood glamour in that era[29] – sharp yet flattering lighting, elegant poses, and an air of idealized beauty. Hurrell even introduced technical innovations (such as special studio lights and retouching techniques) to achieve that dreamy, flawless look[30]. Today, his work remains iconic, and modern glamour photographers still draw inspiration from the mood and lighting that Hurrell mastered in the golden age of Hollywood[29].

7. Boudoir Portraits

Definition & Features: Boudoir photography is an intimate style of portrait session typically featuring the subject in lingerie, bedroom attire, or partially nude, shot in a sensual and artistic manner. The word “boudoir” comes from a woman’s private dressing room or bedroom, and these photos are often taken in such cozy, private settings (like a beautifully furnished bedroom, hotel suite, or studio set made to look like one). The tone ranges from playful to sultry, but the overarching theme is empowering the subject and celebrating their body and confidence. Boudoir sessions often involve soft lighting (think window light or gentle studio lighting), flattering poses that accentuate curves, and props like satin sheets or elegant furniture. The resulting portraits are sexy yet usually tasteful, meant to make the subject feel attractive and empowered – they are popular as pre-wedding gifts for partners or simply as a confidence boost for oneself.

How It Differs: While boudoir shares some DNA with glamour photography (both emphasize beauty and sexiness), boudoir is more intimate and personal. Glamour portraits might be intended for a broad audience (magazine readers, modeling agencies), whereas boudoir photos are often private, for the subject or their partner. Boudoir also tends to have an intentionally softer, more romantic feel compared to the sometimes high-fashion edge of glamour. Unlike fine art nudes which can be abstract or impersonal, boudoir keeps the focus on the person’s allure and personality. The photographer-client relationship in boudoir is crucial; there’s often a consultation to discuss comfort levels, outfit choices, and to ensure the subject feels safe and confident. This genre also differs greatly from say, candid portraits – here everything from lingerie to pose is carefully considered (though it should look effortless!).

Notable Photographer: Jen Rozenbaum is a globally recognized boudoir photographer known for championing women’s empowerment through intimate portraits. A self-described “Shamelessly Feminine” advocate, Rozenbaum’s style is plain yet powerful – she uses simple setups to focus on the subject’s expression and form, helping women of all shapes and sizes celebrate their femininity[31][32]. Her work has been featured in publications like Marie Claire and The Huffington Post, and she’s authored books sharing boudoir “recipes” and techniques[33][34]. Jen Rozenbaum often speaks about how boudoir photography isn’t just about sexy photos, but about the experience making women feel confident. Her influence and outreach (including a popular Instagram and workshops) have made her one of the most famous boudoir photographers today[34], inspiring both photographers and clients to embrace the beauty of the boudoir style.

8. Fine Art Portraits

Definition & Features: Fine art portrait photography treats the portrait as a creative artwork. These sessions are often concept-driven, moody, or visually stylized in a way that goes beyond merely recording the subject’s appearance. A fine art portrait might resemble a painting or an artful scene – for example, a woman posed in dramatic lighting with Renaissance-era styling, or a dreamlike portrait with unusual props and a carefully coordinated color palette. The photographer’s vision heavily shapes the image: choices of lighting (chiaroscuro shadows or painterly soft light), pose (evocative, sometimes unconventional), and post-processing (tones and textures) are all deliberate to create an artistic statement[35][36]. Fine art portraits often aim to evoke emotion or symbolism rather than just show a smiling subject. These images are frequently found in galleries, personal art projects, or high-concept editorial shoots. They may incorporate themes, costumes, and storytelling elements, blurring the line between portraiture and art.

How It Differs: Fine art portraits differ from typical client-driven sessions (like families or headshots) in that the primary audience is art, not personal memory or commercial use. The photographer is essentially an artist using the subject as part of a visual expression. Thus, fine art portraits might not flatter the subject in the traditional sense; they might obscure part of the face, use strange makeup, or pose the subject in a conceptual way to serve the idea. This contrasts with, say, a traditional portrait that prioritizes clear, flattering representation of the person. Fine art also overlaps with conceptual portraits (discussed next) and surreal portraits – all involve creativity and sometimes breaking photography “rules.” In fine art portraiture, you might see more dramatic or experimental techniques like composite imagery, textures, or double exposures, which you wouldn’t typically use for a straightforward portrait[27][37]. The difference is that fine art portraits are meant to be interpreted and admired, not just recognized.

Notable Photographer: Cindy Sherman is a highly acclaimed fine art photographer known for her conceptual self-portraits, which have significantly influenced portrait art. Sherman’s work – notably her “Untitled Film Stills” series – involves her photographing herself in various costumes and personas to explore identity and society. She is best known for her conceptual self-portraits, often done in series and disguises[38]. While not “portraits” in the traditional sense of a client, her images are emblematic of fine art portraiture’s potential: they challenge viewers, convey concepts (often about gender or stereotypes), and are exhibited in museums worldwide. In a more classic sense, Julia Margaret Cameron (a 19th-century pioneer) could also be cited – her soft-focus, allegorical portraits of Victorian subjects were among the first to treat photography as fine art. But in contemporary times, Cindy Sherman’s provocative portraits have redefined what portrait photography can be, making her an iconic figure in fine art photography[39][40].

9. Conceptual & Surreal Portraits

Definition & Features: Conceptual portraits are all about visualizing an idea or concept through a portrait, often using symbolism, props, or digital manipulation. Surreal portraits fall under this umbrella, taking the concept to dream-like, imaginative extremes. In these sessions, the subject might be only one element in a larger, fantastical scene. Think of a portrait where a person’s face is blended with elements of nature, or a subject floating underwater or in mid-air – images that look straight out of a dream or a story. Photographers may use costumes, elaborate sets, or Photoshop techniques (compositing, double exposures) to achieve the desired concept[41][42]. The key is that the portrait conveys something beyond the literal – an emotion, a story, or a metaphor. These sessions require a lot of planning: mood boards, sketches, and post-processing plans are common. The result is often striking, thought-provoking imagery that stands out for its creativity.

How It Differs: While fine art portraiture can be conceptual, not all fine art is as overtly surreal as what we’re describing here. Conceptual/surreal portraits differ from straightforward portraits in that realism is not the goal at all – in fact, breaking reality is the point. They’re distinct from editorial portraits because they’re not necessarily tied to a magazine story or a real person’s narrative; instead, they might illustrate a fictitious narrative or abstract idea. These portraits also heavily rely on post-processing and special effects compared to in-camera portrait styles. For example, a traditional portrait won’t have the subject levitating with clouds for hair, but a surreal one might! The photographer here operates almost like a director or digital artist, whereas in a lifestyle or candid session, they’re more of an observer. The difference is evident in viewing: conceptual portraits make you ask “how did they do that?” or “what does it mean?” more often than “who is that person?”

Notable Photographer: Tim Walker is a renowned fashion and portrait photographer famous for his surreal, whimsical style. His images often feature celebrities or models in fantastical scenarios – such as a portrait of Tilda Swinton as if in a fairy tale, or a model surrounded by giant insects in a dreamscape. Walker’s work, frequently seen in Vogue, is a prime example of blending portraiture with surreal fantasy, using extravagant sets and props. Another name is Brooke Shaden, known for her self-portraits that she transforms into surreal art through heavy post-processing – she might depict herself as floating in a sunbeam or with a galaxy in her dress. In the historical realm, Man Ray was a pioneer who introduced surrealism into portrait photography with techniques like solarization and bizarre props (for instance, his famous “Glass Tears” photograph). These artists show how conceptual and surreal portraits can push boundaries. As one guide notes, such portraits “turn dreams into images,” emphasizing alternate realities over a realistic representation[43][44]. Done well, they result in some of the most stunning and imaginative portraits around.

10. Street Portraits

Definition & Features: Street portraits are a dynamic blend of portraiture and street photography. They typically involve photographing people encountered in public urban spaces – city streets, markets, parks – in a way that highlights both the person and their environment. Unlike pure candid street photography where subjects might not know they’re being shot, street portraits often entail a brief collaboration: a photographer might approach an interesting-looking stranger and ask to take their portrait right then and there on the street. The result captures the “raw, unscripted moments” of people in their urban environment[45][16], often with the cityscape or street life as a backdrop. These portraits can be either spontaneous (quick candid snaps of strangers) or lightly posed (the subject pauses and looks at the camera, but in their own milieu). Street portraits usually use natural light and minimal gear, relying on the photographer’s speed and interaction skills. The best street portraits convey a sense of the person’s character and the vibe of the city around them.

Prague solo german model photoshoot. Cool photos around Old Town Prague (Photo: www.kemalonurozman.com)

How It Differs: Street portraits differ from studio or planned location shoots in that they are improvised and fast-paced. The photographer has little to no control over lighting, setting, or the subject’s attire – everything is as-is in that moment on the street. This sets it apart from environmental portraits, which are usually pre-arranged in the subject’s chosen environment; street portraits, conversely, happen on the fly in communal environments. They also differ from purely candid street photography because often the subject’s face is clearly shown and becomes the focal point (with or without eye contact). There’s a human connection in street portraits, even if fleeting, whereas candid street shots might emphasize anonymity or slice-of-life scenes. Street portraits share the authenticity of candids but often with a touch of that direct portrait feel when the subject engages with the camera[15]. Essentially, it’s the art of making a portrait under the uncontrolled, vibrant conditions of the street.

Notable Photographer: Brandon Stanton, creator of Humans of New York, exemplifies modern street portraiture. He has spent over a decade approaching strangers in New York City, taking their portraits and collecting their personal stories. His work has become a storytelling phenomenon with over 30 million followers, showing how a simple street portrait coupled with a caption can captivate the world[46]. Stanton’s images are straightforward – often a person looking into the lens on a NYC sidewalk – but they are powerful because of their authenticity and the emotional resonance of the stories. Another well-known street portraitist is Steve McCurry, whose travels yielded famous portraits like “Afghan Girl” (though taken in a refugee camp, not a city street, it’s in the spirit of an unposed portrait of a stranger that became iconic). In the realm of classic photography, Vivian Maier secretly captured countless candid street portraits in mid-century Chicago, and Henri Cartier-Bresson (mentioned earlier) paved the way as well. These photographers illustrate the charm of street portraits – capturing humanity one face at a time, in the midst of life unfolding around them.

11. Family & Group Portraits

Definition & Features: Family and group portrait sessions involve multiple people – often family members but also could be close friends or any group – captured together in a posed setting. These sessions document relationships and are usually conducted either in a studio or a meaningful location like a home or park. A typical family portrait might show parents and children arranged together and smiling at the camera, creating a cherished image for the family album or holiday card. Group portraits can also be casual and fun: for instance, siblings hugging each other, or a multi-generational family laughing together on a couch. Key features include arranging the group in a pleasing composition (tall people in back, everyone’s faces visible, etc.) and capturing a sense of togetherness. The photographer’s job is to pose everyone in a balanced way and often to prompt natural expressions (getting kids to laugh, etc.). In studio family portraits, formal attire and solid backdrops might be used (think of those classic annual family photos), whereas outdoor group sessions might have the group interact more – walking, group hugs, or playful setups.

For group portraits, creativity can shine in dynamic compositions, such as friends coordinated against a colorful backdrop. Whether it’s a family dressed in matching tones or a group of friends striking poses together, the aim is to capture the connection and collective personality of the group.

How It Differs: Group portraits differ from individual portraits for obvious reasons – managing multiple subjects! The photographer must navigate varying heights, ages, and personalities to get one frame where everyone looks good (eyes open, smiling or at least not grimacing)[47][48]. Compared to other types, these sessions often involve a bit more chaos (especially with kids!). They also have different goals: a family portrait is often more about documenting relationships and a moment in time (the kids’ ages, etc.) rather than artistic experimentation. In terms of style, group portraits can be formal (everyone posed and looking at camera, akin to a traditional portrait but with more people) or informal (capturing the family interacting, similar to lifestyle). One big difference from, say, candid or street photography is that for a successful group shot, some direction is usually needed to assemble everyone and ensure they look cohesive. However, the best group portraits still manage to show genuine interaction – a shared laugh or a loving gesture – which distinguishes a great group portrait from a stiff lineup[48].

Notable Photographer: Many portrait photographers specialize in family photography, but one globally recognized figure in the realm of baby and family imagery is Anne Geddes. While Geddes is most famous for her elaborately staged infant photos, her work (and success) helped popularize creative family and baby portraits worldwide. Her images of babies in flower pots and pea pods became a cultural phenomenon in the 90s, and she’s one of the most globally recognized photographers for her timeless imagery of children[49]. Though her style is more conceptual for babies, she also photographed families and mothers with infants, creating universally beloved portraits that symbolized care and innocence[49]. For classic family portraiture, you might think of studios like Olan Mills or JCPenney Portraits – but in terms of an individual, Annie Leibovitz (mentioned earlier) has even shot formal family portraits of the British Royal Family[23]. Her 2016 portrait of Queen Elizabeth II with her great-grandchildren is essentially a royal family portrait, albeit on a grand scale[23]. This shows that from ordinary families to royal ones, the essence is capturing the family bond in a frame.

12. Couple Portraits

Definition & Features: Couple portrait sessions focus on two people in a romantic relationship, capturing their bond and chemistry. These can be for dating couples, anniversaries, or just because – separate from explicitly being engagement sessions (which we’ll cover next). A typical couples shoot might take place outdoors at a meaningful spot (a park, a city street, a beach at sunset) or indoors in a cozy environment. The poses tend to be interactive and affectionate – holding hands, laughing together, piggyback rides, foreheads touching, etc. The aim is to freeze the emotion between the two: love, joy, intimacy. Lighting and style can range widely: golden hour backlight for dreamy vibes, edgy urban backdrops for a modern feel, or indoor lifestyle (like cooking together in a kitchen). Unlike a formal portrait where both look at the camera, in couple portraits often the subjects are looking at each other or engaged in an activity, which makes the images feel heartfelt and candid. These sessions result in beautiful keepsakes celebrating the relationship.

Couple Photography in Prague by Kemal Onur Ozman

How It Differs: Couple sessions differ from solo portraits in that the photographer must direct interaction rather than just posing one person. It’s about capturing the dynamic between two individuals. This means prompting them to do things that bring out natural affection – whisper jokes, slow dance, walk and talk – rather than static poses. In contrast to a family session with many people, a couple allows more intimacy and sometimes more daring romantic poses (a dip kiss, for example). Compared to engagement sessions (which are usually a subset of couple portraits but specifically tied to upcoming marriage), non-engagement couple shoots might be more casual with no rings in focus, possibly even with the couple not looking to announce anything but simply to have fun photos together. Couples photography also differs from wedding day portraits which have the wedding attire and venue; here it’s more everyday or personalized styling. Essentially, a couple session is like a love story photoshoot, often blending elements of lifestyle and portrait photography to showcase love in a very personal way[50][51].

Notable Photographer: An example of a photographer known for romantic couple imagery is Murad Osmann, though he’s known more as an influencer – his famous “Follow Me To” series features him being led by the hand by his partner in locations around the world, which became a viral symbol of couple travel romance[52][53]. On the professional side, many top wedding photographers also excel at couple portraits. Kemal Onur Ozman, a Prague-based photographer, specializes in couples and honeymoon shoots. He is known for pre-wedding and proposal sessions in the picturesque streets of Prague, capturing couples against the city’s historic backdrop[54]. His vision is to provide photographs that couples will cherish for years[55]. Many of his clients are travelers or newly engaged pairs, and he excels at making them comfortable and bringing out genuine romance during the shoot – strolling hand-in-hand across the Charles Bridge or embracing in Prague’s charming alleys. Photographers like him demonstrate how couple portraits can be both visually beautiful and full of real emotion, preserving a couple’s unique connection in time.

13. Engagement (Pre-Wedding) Portraits

Definition & Features: Engagement sessions (also called pre-wedding shoots) are portrait sessions for couples who have recently gotten engaged, typically done weeks or months before the wedding day. These photos celebrate the proposal and upcoming nuptials – often the bride-to-be will show off her ring, and the images might be used for save-the-date cards, wedding websites, or simply as personal keepsakes of that special time. Engagement portraits usually take place at a location meaningful to the couple or simply photogenic (a park, downtown, the spot where the proposal happened, etc.). The attire is nicer than everyday but not as formal as a wedding gown/tux – couples often coordinate outfits that reflect their style, sometimes semi-formal or matching a theme. The poses are romantic and joyful: piggyback rides, sitting together with a sign that says “Yes”, an embrace while showing the ring to the camera, etc. There’s a palpable excitement and tenderness in these photos, capturing the just engaged glow. Many photographers time these at golden hour for flattering light, and some couples even choose two outfits (casual and dressy) for variety.

How It Differs: While engagement shoots are essentially a sub-type of couple portraits, they differ in context and often in purpose. The fact that the couple is newly engaged gives the session a celebratory angle – props like a ring close-up, banners with the wedding date, or kissing while holding “Mr. & Mrs.” mugs are not uncommon (cheesy to some, but beloved by many!). Unlike regular couple sessions, engagement photos are often directly tied to wedding planning (used in invitations or slideshows at the reception). They also serve as a practice run for the couple with their wedding photographer, helping them get comfortable in front of the camera before the big day[56][57]. Engagement sessions tend to be more posed and directed than casual couple shoots because there may be specific shots in mind (for example, one wide shot with space for text to be added later on a save-the-date). Additionally, the couple’s attire might be a bit more elegant, aligning with the wedding vibe, whereas a non-engagement couple shoot might just reflect their everyday style. In short, engagement photography is all about romance with a dash of wedding anticipation, which gives it a slightly different flavor than a standard couples session.

Notable Photographer: Kemal Onur Ozman (mentioned above) is also known for his engagement and surprise proposal photoshoots in Prague[54]. In fact, many of his clients are couples who travel to Prague to get engaged or celebrate honeymoons, and he captures those moments against scenic backdrops – from Charles Bridge at sunrise to Prague Castle at sunset. Globally, numerous wedding photographers have made names with their engagement photography; one example is Jasmine Star, who as a former wedding photographer often blogged beautiful engagement sessions that got wide attention in the 2000s. Another is Jose Villa, a celebrated fine-art wedding photographer whose engagement portraits (often shot on film) set a trend for soft, light-filled, romantic imagery. These photographers emphasize natural interaction and beautiful settings. A famous non-photographer example is Murad Osmann again – his “Follow Me” series essentially looks like an epic engagement/travel shoot around the world, and it actually culminated in his own wedding photo in the same style[58][59]. Whether intimate and quiet or grand and adventurous, engagement portraits by top photographers capture the unique spark of a couple on the verge of marriage.

14. Maternity Portraits

Definition & Features: Maternity portraits celebrate the expecting mother (and often the father/partner and older children if any) during the later stages of pregnancy, typically around 7-8 months when the belly is beautifully round. These sessions highlight the beauty of the baby bump and the excitement of pending parenthood. Common features include the mother cradling her belly, the couple looking lovingly at the bump, or creative heart shapes made with hands on the tummy. Wardrobe is a big element: some mothers wear flowing maternity gowns that drape around the belly, others opt for a more revealing look (like a bandeau top or a form-fitting dress) to really show the bump, and some even do semi-nude poses draped in fabric for a fine-art look. The lighting and mood are often soft, glowing, and feminine – think golden sunset light or a softly lit studio with neutral backdrops. Outdoor maternity shoots in nature are popular (the symbolism of fertility and nature, etc.), as are intimate indoor sessions in the bedroom. Props can include tiny baby shoes, ultrasound photos, or letter blocks spelling the baby’s name (though some keep it simple with no props). The essence is tenderness and anticipation.

How It Differs: Maternity sessions differ from regular portraits because of the focal point: the unborn baby. Poses are centered on the belly – unlike any other portrait type where you wouldn’t, say, constantly hold your stomach! The emotion is also unique; there’s a mix of joy, serenity, and even a bit of vulnerability that photographers aim to capture. These shoots can be compared to boudoir at times, especially if the mother chooses to show more skin or do an intimate indoor session, but the intent is different – it’s less about seduction and more about the miracle of pregnancy. Maternity portraits also often involve the partner in some shots (kissing the belly, standing behind and holding the mom) or older kids (placing their hands on mommy’s tummy in wonder). This makes it a blend of a couple/family session with a very specific focus. Logistically, they differ because the subject’s comfort and safety is a priority; poses need to be easy and not overly tiring, and sessions are usually timed in the second or early third trimester – too late and mom might be too uncomfortable. The vibe is akin to fine art portraiture at times, aiming to make the mother feel like a glowing goddess. It’s interesting to note that a few decades ago, this type of portrait was rare, but Demi Moore’s famous 1991 Vanity Fair cover (nude and pregnant, shot by Annie Leibovitz) revolutionized the cultural acceptance of maternity portraits, making them hugely popular ever since[60][61].

Notable Photographer: Anne Geddes comes to mind again; although most known for babies, she has photographed pregnant mothers as part of her projects. However, perhaps the most iconic maternity portrait ever taken is by Annie Leibovitz: the nude profile of actress Demi Moore in 1991, which was splashed on Vanity Fair’s cover. That single image is “probably the most famous” pregnancy photo in history and it changed how society viewed pregnant bodies – suddenly pregnancy was seen as beautiful and sexy, not something to hide[60]. After that cover, countless celebrities (and everyday women) have done maternity shoots, often inspired by that style. In terms of photographers who specialize, Ana Brandt is a prominent contemporary name who has built a business around maternity and newborn photography education, exemplifying the art of flattering posing and lighting for expecting mothers. And not to forget, Kemal Onur Ozman, our Prague photographer, also offers maternity sessions[54] – capturing expectant mothers (often couples on a “babymoon” vacation in Prague) in romantic locations, combining his lifestyle approach with the glow of pregnancy. All these photographers treat maternity not just as a condition, but as a radiant chapter of womanhood worthy of artful portraiture.

15. Newborn & Baby Portraits

Definition & Features: Newborn and baby portrait sessions focus on infants – typically newborn sessions happen within the first 2-3 weeks of life when the baby is very small and sleepy, allowing them to be gently posed. These sessions result in those adorable photos of babies curled up on soft blankets, often wearing a cute knit hat or surrounded by props (baskets, wraps, etc.). Key features include warm, soft lighting and very cozy settings to keep the baby comfortable (studios are often heated and white noise machines used). Poses can be as simple as the baby lying on their back swaddled, or more elaborate “womb-like” poses with the baby’s tiny hands under their chin (usually achieved with the help of an assistant or composite editing for safety). For newborns, sleepy, peaceful expressions are common; for slightly older babies (3-6 months), you get more awake expressions and tummy time poses. Often, a newborn session will also include a few shots with the parents and siblings, but the emphasis is on the baby. Patience is key – there are many breaks for feeding, changing, and soothing. Safety is paramount: many of those unbelievable curly poses are done with spotters and Photoshop. As babies grow, portraits capture milestones – sitting up, first birthday cake smash – but newborn portraiture in particular has a very specific serene, angelic aesthetic popularized worldwide.

How It Differs: Newborn photography is a specialized niche that differs from other portraits in its pace and fragility[62][63]. The sessions can last several hours to accommodate the baby’s schedule, whereas an adult portrait session is relatively quick. The subject obviously cannot take direction, so the photographer has to work around the baby’s moods and timing, which is opposite of, say, an executive headshot where the subject follows instructions. It also heavily involves props and setups – more akin to still-life photography sometimes, as you arrange blankets, backdrops, and supports for the baby. In terms of lighting, it’s usually very soft and even, unlike dramatic lighting used for adults; you want every tiny lash and finger in gentle focus. The major difference is also emotional: these photos are as much for sentimental value as for art. New parents hire newborn photographers to preserve those fleeting first days. It’s different from, say, an engagement portrait which is about a future event; newborn photos are about a once-in-a-lifetime moment that passes quickly. This genre also demands unique skills – from knowing how to soothe babies to ensuring safety in every pose – which aren’t required for other portrait types.

Notable Photographer: Anne Geddes is undeniably the queen of baby photography. An Australian-born photographer, Geddes became globally recognized for her elaborately staged infant photographs[64]. In the 90s, her calendars and books featuring babies dressed as butterflies, flowers, and honey bees sold in the millions[65]. She created a “universal language” of baby imagery that has influenced virtually every newborn photographer since[49]. While not everyone poses babies in cabbage leaves like Geddes, her work showed the artistic and commercial potential of newborn portraits. Another modern standout is Kelly Brown, an award-winning newborn photographer from Australia who teaches workshops worldwide on safely posing babies and creating beautiful setups. These photographers emphasize the combination of care and creativity needed in newborn sessions. Also noteworthy is how newborn photography has become an expected family milestone – a trend arguably traceable to Geddes’s influence. Today’s newborn portrait studios around the world, whether they realize it or not, walk in Anne Geddes’ footsteps every time they curl a sleeping baby atop a fluffy rug and create that heart-melting, innocent image.

16. Fashion Portraits

Definition & Features: Fashion portraits sit at the intersection of portraiture and fashion photography. The goal is to showcase style, clothing, and attitude, and the person wearing them. Unlike catalogue fashion shots, which might be very straightforward to display an outfit, fashion portraits are glamorous, edgy, or artistic images that could appear in a fashion magazine spread or ad campaign. The subject is often a model (or celebrity) styled in designer clothes, striking dynamic poses that highlight both the clothing and their personality. These sessions involve a whole team – makeup artists, hairstylists, wardrobe stylists – to craft a high-fashion look. Locations can range from studios with elaborate sets to streets and exotic locales. Expect dramatic lighting (maybe high contrast or colored gels for effect), unique angles (the photographer might shoot from low to make the model look powerful, for example), and movement (a flip of the hair, a flowing dress caught in motion). In short, fashion portraits are bold – they’re selling a lifestyle or aesthetic. Think of the iconic portraits in Vogue or Harper’s Bazaar: each image tells a story of glamour and trends, not just a pretty face.

How It Differs: Fashion portraits differ from standard portraits in that the wardrobe and styling are as important as the subject. In a normal portrait, if the viewer is noticing the clothes too much it might be a distraction – but in a fashion portrait, the clothes (and overall styling) are meant to stand out and wow the viewer[26][66]. The model’s expression and pose often serve the outfit: they might appear fierce, elongated, exaggerated – whatever makes the fashion look its best. This sets fashion portraits apart from, say, lifestyle or headshots, where you’d aim for relatability or a friendly look. Additionally, fashion portraiture usually pushes more boundaries in terms of creativity and extravagance; it’s closer to editorial and conceptual work. Technically, fashion shoots often use more complex lighting setups or post-processing effects to create a polished, glossy result. The energy on set is usually high-paced and directed by a specific vision (often coming from a creative director or the photographer’s concept). Essentially, fashion portraits are selling aspiration – the mood might be aloof or dramatic, unlike a family portrait where everyone just needs to look happy and approachable.

Notable Photographer: Mario Testino is one of the world’s most famous fashion and portrait photographers, celebrated for his glamorous and emotionally resonant images of supermodels and celebrities[67]. A Peruvian photographer, Testino’s work has graced countless Vogue covers and high-profile campaigns. He is perhaps best known for his influential contributions to fashion photography and portraiture, including iconic portraits of Princess Diana and top models like Kate Moss[68][67]. His style blends luxury and intimacy – his ability to capture raw intimacy while still showcasing couture has defined modern fashion imagery[67]. Another giant is Helmut Newton, known for his provocative black-and-white fashion portraits that often shocked and awed – think strong, confident women styled in high heels and nothing else, or in power-suits in gritty streets. Newton’s work in the late 20th century pushed fashion photography into bold erotic and artistic territory. On the contemporary scene, Annie Leibovitz also sometimes crosses into fashion (her Vanity Fair portraits often involve notable fashion elements), and Steven Meisel is a legend who shot many Italian Vogue covers with inventive, narrative fashion portraits. These photographers demonstrate that fashion portraiture isn’t just about showing clothes – it’s about creating an image with attitude that stops viewers in their tracks, defining how fashion is perceived in our culture.

17. Headshot Portraits (Professional & Personal Branding)

Definition & Features: Headshot sessions are focused on capturing a person’s head and shoulders, typically for professional or personal branding purposes. The goal is a clean, presentable, and engaging image of the face. In a classic corporate headshot, the person is usually dressed in business attire, shot against a plain (often white, gray, or blurred office) background, with even lighting that clearly shows their face. For actors, headshots might be more expressive or in line with their casting type, but still very straightforward (often against a neutral background or outdoors with shallow depth of field). In recent times, “personal branding” headshots have expanded the genre – entrepreneurs and social media figures might get headshot-style portraits that are a bit more relaxed, perhaps taken in environments like a cafe or with more stylish clothing, but the emphasis remains on the face and an approachable expression. Lighting is paramount: catchlights in the eyes, no harsh shadows, and focus tack-sharp on the eyes. The framing is usually tight (from mid-chest up or closer). These sessions are typically short and efficient because the priority is to get a handful of great facial expressions that convey professionalism, confidence, and friendliness. Many headshot photographers guide clients through micro-expressions (like the famous “squinch” or slight smile) to find that perfect look.

How It Differs: Headshots differ from creative portraits in that they are very purpose-driven: often used on LinkedIn, company websites, actor portfolios, or business cards[69][70]. There’s less room for dramatic styling or conceptual elements – in fact, a good headshot is somewhat “neutral” in that it shouldn’t distract with funky composition or background. It’s all about you, front and center. This sets headshots apart from editorial or fashion portraits where environment and styling play big roles. Also, headshot sessions tend to be more structured and shorter; a headshot photographer might take dozens of frames in a consistent setup to nail subtle differences in expression, rather than moving all around or trying diverse locations. Another difference: headshots are typically updated regularly (for instance, actors get new ones every couple of years, professionals might update LinkedIn photos when they change jobs or hairstyles), so they’re treated a bit like a business necessity. In contrast, something like a wedding portrait is (hopefully) once in a lifetime. Technical differences include focal lengths (headshots favor flattering lenses like 85mm or 70-200mm to avoid distortion[71]) and backgrounds (simple, not distracting). In sum, headshots are a specialized portrait optimised to make a strong first impression – as one expert quips, it’s your “professional first impression in photo form”[72].

Notable Photographer: Peter Hurley is a name that looms large in the headshot world. A New York-based photographer, he is regarded by many as the authority on headshot photography, having even authored the book “The Headshot”[73]. Hurley pioneered techniques for coaching expressions (his famous “squinch” advice for eye positioning and “look confident” mantra) that have been adopted by photographers globally. He also founded Headshot Crew, a network and coaching platform for headshot photographers[73]. With a background in modeling and acting, Hurley understood what agents and clients look for in a headshot. His style is incredibly clean and crisp – usually a white or gray background, impeccable lighting on the face, and that trademark confident-but-approachable expression from his subjects. Another notable headshot photographer is Felix Kunze, known for his beautifully lit portraits (often more on the personal branding and editorial side, but his lighting tutorials are popular for headshot work). But if there’s one rockstar in this niche, it’s Peter Hurley – often called “the greatest headshot photographer bar none” by peers[74]. He’s world-famous in the photography community[73] and has demonstrated that even a simple head and shoulders shot can be elevated to an art when done with skill.

Conclusion: Portrait photography is amazingly diverse – from the carefully posed studio shots of a single subject to the spontaneous captures of couples on a city street, each type of session offers a unique way to tell human stories. Whether the aim is to create a timeless family heirloom, a compelling personal brand image, or an imaginative piece of art, understanding these different portrait styles helps both photographers and subjects choose the right approach for the message or memory they want to create. The beauty of portraiture lies in its versatility: one genre lets a person’s true personality shine in candid laughter, another wraps them in fantasy and creative vision, and yet another distills their professional persona in a single confident gaze. By learning from the masters of each style – from Karsh’s classic lighting to Leibovitz’s storytelling and Hurley’s micro-expression coaching – we can appreciate the craft that goes into making each portrait special[22][73]. No matter the type, a great portrait session results in images that resonate and endure, because at its core, portrait photography is about connecting with people and capturing who they are. So next time you plan a photoshoot, you’ll know exactly what kind of portrait session suits the moment – and you might even try a new style or two, to see yourself (or your clients) in a whole new light. Happy shooting!

[1] [2] [6] [7] [12] [13] [15] [16] [20] [26] [27] [37] [43] [44] [45] [47] [48] [66] [69] [70] [72] The 16 Different Types of Portrait Photography